
01-11-2008
BlackRhino,
No. It is just that a portion of our forumsters feel elephants should not be in zoos at all on space and welfare grounds. I do not agree with that contention, nor do I feel the proposed elephant sanctuaries out of public view and scrutiny are a good alternative.
To me, it is elitist to think that elephants will only survive happily if we take them off public exhibition in zoos, put them in sanctuaries and sit back, watch elephant docs and wait for improvements in the prospects of wild elephants. It is even more delusionary to think that by relying on this ethic the prospects for wild elephants might improve or that their status in the wild is anything other only just surviving in protected areas (some only on paper) enclosed on all sides by human habitation or fenced reserves.
Zoos have not just an recreational role (for which PETA and all other animal welfare activists often attack for viciously and with plenty of vitriol), but increasinly an educational role and one in conservation breeding. The educational aspect is a major reason why mega vertebrates like elephants are exhibitted in our zoos. Besides, as projections on elephant numbers and populations in our zoos have shown, we need to increase our efforts to increase their numbers in captivity and space allocated to them (allthough not at the expense of other endangered species and the overall education aspects of each in the tree of life).
As okapikpr will testify elephant breeding in US/Canadian zoos cooperating within the SSP is a relatively recent development. Most zoos still have disjunct elephant social groupings and need to assemble all elephants and integrate those with reasonable prospects for breeding into functioning socially conducive elephant groups (this by co-opting the successful elephant breeding strategies at zoos like Columbus, Ohio, Portland, Oregon, Syracuse, NY and St. Louis, Missouri and Houston, Texas + the Ringling Bros. facility at Polk City, Fla. These zoos should have access to a "proven" bull at their facility.
Those that cannot be maintained in these set ups would ideally be sent to zoos able to provide housing for flatliner cows and non-breeding individuals. In future, when the SSP elephant programme shows sufficient growth facilities must be built to accomodate bachelor herds of young bulls that are too old to be maintained with their family group and yet too inexperienced to become a breeding bull.
If you just would carefully look at the thread on this topic set up by okapikpr re SSP elephant breeding, you would find a good deal of helpful further information.
As for elephant breeding and welfare: admittedly the cooperative breeding programmes in Europe are far more advanced in natural breeding of elephants than our US counterparts. The Asian elephant breeding programme is not yet self sustaining (for that goal we require 12-15 births per year), but an increasing number of zoos have socially adept family groups of related individuals, the number of annual births is hoovering over the 9-10 mark and facilities exist to accomodate elderly, flatliner and bachelor elephant groups. The African programme is younger and on the whole has a more healthy sex ratio and young population, yet breeding needs to be promoted more vigorously. To this end, the current species coordinator is being helped out by a secondant who both take on resp. for a reproductively healthy and balanced captive African elephant population in Europe. On top of all that, quite a few European zoos with major elephant breeding programmes fund entire in situ conservation projects that deal with securing elephant habitats, mitigating human-elephant conflicts and connecting PA's through building corridors as well as scientific research into habitat requirements, ecology and social environments of elephants in the wild.
All I am just saying there is a future for elephants in zoos in improved social groupings and with successful and sustained breeding in captivity.
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