
06-07-2007
Re: Orang Utan taxonomy
The Orang Utan was first described by Linnaeus in 1760 and given the name Simia pygmaeus, meaning pygmy-like monkey. In 1766 he again named the Orang Utan, thinking it was a new species, this time calling it Simia satyrus (satyr-like monkey).
Lesson decided that apes and monkeys were not closely related and in 1799 proposed Pongo as the genus for the Orang Utan which he called Pongo satyrus. As Simia pygmaeus pre-dated Simia satyrus, the name became the modern one of Pongo pygmaeus. Pongo satyrus was invalidated and can never be used for any other animal whatsoever.
Until 1827 there was only one know form of Orang Utan, Pongo pygmaeus (Linnaeus 1760). Linnaeus' name is added in the formal description because he was the author of the Latin name. The brackets are because the genus Pongo, is not the same genus as he originally used for his description.
The Sumatran form of Orang Utan was named Pongo pygmaeus abelii in 1827 by Lesson.
Just to complicate matters, it is now thought that Bornean and Sumatran Orang Utans are two seperate species, thus we have
Bornean Pongo pygmaeus (Linnaeus 1760)
Sumatran Pongo abelii Lesson 1827.
The Bornean has been split into three seperate populations,
West Bornean Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus (Linnaeus 1760)
East Bornean Pongo pygmaeus morio (Owen 1837)
South Bornean Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii (Tiedeman 1808).
Not everyone agrees with this, and doubt has been expressed over the validity of the South Bornean Orang Utan. I hate to think what this splitting has done to the captive breeding programme.
I don't know the names of the Orangs at Jersey.
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